Main components of the rice field ecosystem
- Abiotic factors (non-biological factors or physical factors): soil, water, humidity, temperature, light, rain, wind.
- Biotic factors:
- Host plant: rice
- Rice pests: brown planthoppers, stemborers, case worm, leaf folder, rice bugs, weeds, other animals as rats, snails, panicle rice mite, fungi, bacteria, virus, ….
- Natural enemies: fishes, ducks, frogs, lady beetles, rove beetles, mirid bugs, water bugs, ground beetles, the parasitoids that parasite on egg, larva of leaf folder/stemborers…some of natural enemies like fungi, bacteria, viruses that parasite on insect pests causing epidemic…
- Soil microbiota: comprises microbial populations in the soil, including microbial autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms.
